gw01

Three weeks ago, I tooted about getting a new gateway/route/firewall for the home lab. After many fantastic suggestions, I settled on a Atom-based solution in a 1U case.

It’s the “Qotom 5X 2.5G LAN 2 SFP+ Barebone Mini Router Q20322G9 with C3558 1U Rackmount Mini Server” as sold on Amazon and shipped from China. The unit arrived 8 days after ordering. It could have been 7. It was out for delivery yesterday, but didn’t make it here.

I’ve installed 32GB of RAM and two 1TB NVME drives in a ZFS mirror. Installation of FreeBSD 14.2 took about 10 minutes. It was straight forward.

It now sits on the spare desk in my office. It has two network cables attached: one is for the server network, the other is for the maintenance network (my backdoor into the host while I configured to be the new gateway.

Of interest, when I created my login (dvl), I was asked if I wanted to encrypt my home directory. Nice touch.

I have not tried the SFP+ NICs yet.

The unit goes from shutdown -r now to responding to pings in about 80 seconds. That includes 10 seconds waiting at the BIOS prompt and another 10 seconds at the FreeBSD splash screen.

Partitions

dvl@gw01:~ $ gpart show
=>        40  2000409184  nda0  GPT  (954G)
          40        1024     1  freebsd-boot  (512K)
        1064         984        - free -  (492K)
        2048   104857600     2  freebsd-swap  (50G)
   104859648  1895548928     3  freebsd-zfs  (904G)
  2000408576         648        - free -  (324K)

=>        40  2000409184  nda1  GPT  (954G)
          40        1024     1  freebsd-boot  (512K)
        1064         984        - free -  (492K)
        2048   104857600     2  freebsd-swap  (50G)
   104859648  1895548928     3  freebsd-zfs  (904G)
  2000408576         648        - free -  (324K)

zpools

The zpools:


dvl@gw01:~ $ zpool list
NAME    SIZE  ALLOC   FREE  CKPOINT  EXPANDSZ   FRAG    CAP  DEDUP    HEALTH  ALTROOT
zroot   896G   922M   895G        -         -     0%     0%  1.00x    ONLINE  -

dvl@gw01:~ $ zpool status
  pool: zroot
 state: ONLINE
config:

	NAME        STATE     READ WRITE CKSUM
	zroot       ONLINE       0     0     0
	  mirror-0  ONLINE       0     0     0
	    nda0p3  ONLINE       0     0     0
	    nda1p3  ONLINE       0     0     0

errors: No known data errors

Filesystems

The filesystems:

dvl@gw01:~ $ zfs list
NAME                 USED  AVAIL  REFER  MOUNTPOINT
zroot                922M   867G    96K  /zroot
zroot/ROOT           919M   867G    96K  none
zroot/ROOT/default   919M   867G   919M  /
zroot/home           248K   867G    96K  /home
zroot/home/dvl       152K   867G   152K  /home/dvl
zroot/tmp            112K   867G   112K  /tmp
zroot/usr            288K   867G    96K  /usr
zroot/usr/ports       96K   867G    96K  /usr/ports
zroot/usr/src         96K   867G    96K  /usr/src
zroot/var            632K   867G    96K  /var
zroot/var/audit       96K   867G    96K  /var/audit
zroot/var/crash       96K   867G    96K  /var/crash
zroot/var/log        152K   867G   152K  /var/log
zroot/var/mail        96K   867G    96K  /var/mail
zroot/var/tmp         96K   867G    96K  /var/tmp

dmesg

And dmesg:

dvl@gw01:~ $ cat /var/run/dmesg.boot
---<<BOOT>>---
Copyright (c) 1992-2023 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
	The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE releng/14.2-n269506-c8918d6c7412 GENERIC amd64
FreeBSD clang version 18.1.6 (https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git llvmorg-18.1.6-0-g1118c2e05e67)
VT(vga): resolution 640x480
CPU: Intel(R) Atom(TM) CPU C3558 @ 2.20GHz (2200.21-MHz K8-class CPU)
  Origin="GenuineIntel"  Id=0x506f1  Family=0x6  Model=0x5f  Stepping=1
  Features=0xbfebfbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,TM,PBE>
  Features2=0x4ff8ebbf<SSE3,PCLMULQDQ,DTES64,MON,DS_CPL,VMX,EST,TM2,SSSE3,SDBG,CX16,xTPR,PDCM,SSE4.1,SSE4.2,x2APIC,MOVBE,POPCNT,TSCDLT,AESNI,XSAVE,OSXSAVE,RDRAND>
  AMD Features=0x2c100800<SYSCALL,NX,Page1GB,RDTSCP,LM>
  AMD Features2=0x101<LAHF,Prefetch>
  Structured Extended Features=0x2294e283<FSGSBASE,TSCADJ,SMEP,ERMS,NFPUSG,MPX,PQE,RDSEED,SMAP,CLFLUSHOPT,PROCTRACE,SHA>
  Structured Extended Features3=0xac000000<IBPB,STIBP,ARCH_CAP,SSBD>
  XSAVE Features=0xf<XSAVEOPT,XSAVEC,XINUSE,XSAVES>
  IA32_ARCH_CAPS=0x9<RDCL_NO,SKIP_L1DFL_VME>
  VT-x: PAT,HLT,MTF,PAUSE,EPT,UG,VPID,VID,PostIntr
  TSC: P-state invariant, performance statistics
real memory  = 34358689792 (32767 MB)
avail memory = 33299349504 (31756 MB)
Event timer "LAPIC" quality 600
ACPI APIC Table: <INTEL  TIANO   >
WARNING: L1 data cache covers fewer APIC IDs than a core (0 < 1)
FreeBSD/SMP: Multiprocessor System Detected: 4 CPUs
FreeBSD/SMP: 1 package(s) x 4 core(s)
random: registering fast source Intel Secure Key RNG
random: fast provider: "Intel Secure Key RNG"
random: unblocking device.
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23
Launching APs: 1 2 3
random: entropy device external interface
kbd1 at kbdmux0
vtvga0: <VT VGA driver>
smbios0: <System Management BIOS> at iomem 0xf05e0-0xf05fe
smbios0: Version: 3.0, BCD Revision: 3.0
aesni0: <AES-CBC,AES-CCM,AES-GCM,AES-ICM,AES-XTS,SHA1,SHA256>
acpi0: <ALASKA A M I >
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
hpet0: <High Precision Event Timer> iomem 0xfed00000-0xfed003ff on acpi0
Timecounter "HPET" frequency 24000000 Hz quality 950
Event timer "HPET" frequency 24000000 Hz quality 550
Event timer "HPET1" frequency 24000000 Hz quality 440
Event timer "HPET2" frequency 24000000 Hz quality 440
Event timer "HPET3" frequency 24000000 Hz quality 440
Event timer "HPET4" frequency 24000000 Hz quality 440
atrtc0: <AT realtime clock> port 0x70-0x77 irq 8 on acpi0
atrtc0: Warning: Couldn't map I/O.
atrtc0: registered as a time-of-day clock, resolution 1.000000s
Event timer "RTC" frequency 32768 Hz quality 0
attimer0: <AT timer> port 0x40-0x43,0x50-0x53 irq 0 on acpi0
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
Event timer "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 100
Timecounter "ACPI-fast" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 900
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1808-0x180b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 6.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
pci1: <processor> at device 0.0 (no driver attached)
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf5e0000-0xdf5fffff irq 16 at device 9.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
nvme0: <Generic NVMe Device> mem 0xdf300000-0xdf303fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf5c0000-0xdf5dffff irq 17 at device 10.0 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
nvme1: <Generic NVMe Device> mem 0xdf200000-0xdf203fff irq 17 at device 0.0 on pci3
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf5a0000-0xdf5bffff irq 18 at device 11.0 on pci0
pci4: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
igc0: <Intel(R) Ethernet Controller I226-V> mem 0xdee00000-0xdeefffff,0xdef00000-0xdef03fff irq 18 at device 0.0 on pci4
igc0: EEPROM V2.14-0 eTrack 0x8000028d
igc0: Using 1024 TX descriptors and 1024 RX descriptors
igc0: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues
igc0: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors
igc0: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:50
igc0: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/1024, RX 4/1024
pcib5: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf580000-0xdf59ffff irq 19 at device 12.0 on pci0
pci5: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib5
igc1: <Intel(R) Ethernet Controller I226-V> mem 0xdeb00000-0xdebfffff,0xdec00000-0xdec03fff irq 19 at device 0.0 on pci5
igc1: EEPROM V2.14-0 eTrack 0x8000028d
igc1: Using 1024 TX descriptors and 1024 RX descriptors
igc1: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues
igc1: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors
igc1: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:51
igc1: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/1024, RX 4/1024
pcib6: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf560000-0xdf57ffff irq 20 at device 14.0 on pci0
pci6: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib6
igc2: <Intel(R) Ethernet Controller I226-V> mem 0xde800000-0xde8fffff,0xde900000-0xde903fff irq 20 at device 0.0 on pci6
igc2: EEPROM V2.14-0 eTrack 0x8000028d
igc2: Using 1024 TX descriptors and 1024 RX descriptors
igc2: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues
igc2: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors
igc2: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:52
igc2: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/1024, RX 4/1024
pcib7: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf540000-0xdf55ffff irq 21 at device 15.0 on pci0
pci7: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib7
igc3: <Intel(R) Ethernet Controller I226-V> mem 0xde500000-0xde5fffff,0xde600000-0xde603fff irq 21 at device 0.0 on pci7
igc3: EEPROM V2.14-0 eTrack 0x8000028d
igc3: Using 1024 TX descriptors and 1024 RX descriptors
igc3: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues
igc3: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors
igc3: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:53
igc3: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/1024, RX 4/1024
pcib8: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf520000-0xdf53ffff irq 22 at device 16.0 on pci0
pci8: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib8
igc4: <Intel(R) Ethernet Controller I226-V> mem 0xde200000-0xde2fffff,0xde300000-0xde303fff irq 22 at device 0.0 on pci8
igc4: EEPROM V2.14-0 eTrack 0x8000028d
igc4: Using 1024 TX descriptors and 1024 RX descriptors
igc4: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues
igc4: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors
igc4: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:54
igc4: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/1024, RX 4/1024
pcib9: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf500000-0xdf51ffff irq 23 at device 17.0 on pci0
pci9: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib9
pcib10: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 0.0 on pci9
pci10: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib10
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0xd000-0xd07f mem 0xdd000000-0xddffffff,0xde000000-0xde01ffff irq 23 at device 0.0 on pci10
vgapci0: Boot video device
ahci0: <Intel Denverton AHCI SATA controller> port 0xe060-0xe067,0xe050-0xe053,0xe020-0xe03f mem 0xdf614000-0xdf615fff,0xdf61a000-0xdf61a0ff,0xdf619000-0xdf6197ff irq 21 at device 20.0 on pci0
ahci0: AHCI v1.31 with 1 6Gbps ports, Port Multiplier supported
ahcich3: <AHCI channel> at channel 3 on ahci0
ahciem0: <AHCI enclosure management bridge> on ahci0
xhci0: <Intel Denverton USB 3.0 controller> mem 0xdf600000-0xdf60ffff irq 19 at device 21.0 on pci0
xhci0: 32 bytes context size, 64-bit DMA
usbus0 on xhci0
usbus0: 5.0Gbps Super Speed USB v3.0
pcib11: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 22.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib11
ix0: <Intel(R) X553 N (SFP+)> mem 0xdcc00000-0xdcdfffff,0xdce04000-0xdce07fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
ix0: Using 2048 TX descriptors and 2048 RX descriptors
ix0: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues
ix0: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors
ix0: allocated for 4 queues
ix0: allocated for 4 rx queues
ix0: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:55
ix0: nvm 2.10.0 eTrack 0x80000bd7
ix0: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/2048, RX 4/2048
ix1: <Intel(R) X553 N (SFP+)> mem 0xdca00000-0xdcbfffff,0xdce00000-0xdce03fff irq 17 at device 0.1 on pci11
ix1: Using 2048 TX descriptors and 2048 RX descriptors
ix1: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues
ix1: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors
ix1: allocated for 4 queues
ix1: allocated for 4 rx queues
ix1: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:56
ix1: nvm 2.10.0 eTrack 0x80000bd7
ix1: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/2048, RX 4/2048
pcib12: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 23.0 on pci0
pci12: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib12
ix2: <Intel(R) X553 L (KR Backplane)> mem 0xdc600000-0xdc7fffff,0xdc804000-0xdc807fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci12
ix2: Using 2048 TX descriptors and 2048 RX descriptors
ix2: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues
ix2: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors
ix2: allocated for 4 queues
ix2: allocated for 4 rx queues
ix2: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:57
ix2: nvm 2.10.0 eTrack 0x80000bf9
ix2: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/2048, RX 4/2048
ix3: <Intel(R) X553 L (KR Backplane)> mem 0xdc400000-0xdc5fffff,0xdc800000-0xdc803fff irq 17 at device 0.1 on pci12
ix3: Using 2048 TX descriptors and 2048 RX descriptors
ix3: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues
ix3: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors
ix3: allocated for 4 queues
ix3: allocated for 4 rx queues
ix3: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:58
ix3: nvm 2.10.0 eTrack 0x80000bf9
ix3: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/2048, RX 4/2048
pci0: <simple comms> at device 24.0 (no driver attached)
ns8250: UART FCR is broken
uart2: <Intel Denverton UART> port 0xe040-0xe047 mem 0xdf617000-0xdf6170ff irq 16 at device 26.0 on pci0
uart2: Using 1 MSI message
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
pci0: <memory> at device 31.2 (no driver attached)
pci0: <serial bus> at device 31.5 (no driver attached)
apei0: <ACPI Platform Error Interface> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
orm0: <ISA Option ROM> at iomem 0xc0000-0xc7fff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
Timecounter "TSC-low" frequency 1099999926 Hz quality 1000
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ugen0.1: <Intel XHCI root HUB> at usbus0
uhub0 on usbus0
uhub0: <Intel XHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 3.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus0
ZFS filesystem version: 5
ZFS storage pool version: features support (5000)
nvme0: Allocated 16MB host memory buffer
nvme1: Allocated 16MB host memory buffer
nda0 at nvme0 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 1
nda0: <TEAM TM8FP6001T H240226a TPBF2411060100200629>
nda0: Serial Number TPBF2411060100200629
nda0: nvme version 1.4
nda0: 976762MB (2000409264 512 byte sectors)
nda1 at nvme1 bus 0 scbus3 target 0 lun 1
nda1: <TEAM TM8FP6001T H240226a TPBF2411060100200637>
nda1: Serial Number TPBF2411060100200637
nda1: nvme version 1.4
nda1: 976762MB (2000409264 512 byte sectors)
ses0 at ahciem0 bus 0 scbus1 target 0 lun 0
ses0: <AHCI SGPIO Enclosure 2.00 0001> SEMB S-E-S 2.00 device
ses0: SEMB SES Device
GEOM_MIRROR: Device mirror/swap launched (2/2).
Trying to mount root from zfs:zroot/ROOT/default []...
uhub0: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
ugen0.2: <DELL Dell USB Entry Keyboard> at usbus0
ukbd0 on uhub0
ukbd0: <DELL Dell USB Entry Keyboard, class 0/0, rev 2.00/1.04, addr 1> on usbus0
kbd2 at ukbd0
Root mount waiting for: usbus0
ugen0.3: <vendor 0x05e3 USB2.0 Hub> at usbus0
uhub1 on uhub0
uhub1: <vendor 0x05e3 USB2.0 Hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/60.90, addr 2> on usbus0
uhub1: 4 ports with 4 removable, self powered
GEOM_ELI: Device mirror/swap.eli created.
GEOM_ELI: Encryption: AES-XTS 128
GEOM_ELI:     Crypto: accelerated software
ichsmb0: <Intel Denverton SMBus controller> port 0xe000-0xe01f mem 0xdf616000-0xdf6160ff irq 23 at device 31.4 on pci0
smbus0: <System Management Bus> on ichsmb0
igc0: link state changed to UP
igc3: link state changed to UP
lo0: link state changed to UP
igc0: link state changed to DOWN
igc0: link state changed to UP

sesutil show

root@gw01:/home/dvl # sesutil show
ses0: <AHCI SGPIO Enclosure 2.00>; ID: 3061686369656d30
Desc            Dev     Model                     Ident                Size/Status
Slot 00         -       -                         -                    Unknown
Slot 01         -       -                         -                    Unknown
Slot 02         -       -                         -                    Unknown
Slot 03         -       -                         -                    Not Installed
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