Three weeks ago, I tooted about getting a new gateway/route/firewall for the home lab. After many fantastic suggestions, I settled on a Atom-based solution in a 1U case.
It’s the “Qotom 5X 2.5G LAN 2 SFP+ Barebone Mini Router Q20322G9 with C3558 1U Rackmount Mini Server” as sold on Amazon and shipped from China. The unit arrived 8 days after ordering. It could have been 7. It was out for delivery yesterday, but didn’t make it here.
I’ve installed 32GB of RAM and two 1TB NVME drives in a ZFS mirror. Installation of FreeBSD 14.2 took about 10 minutes. It was straight forward.
It now sits on the spare desk in my office. It has two network cables attached: one is for the server network, the other is for the maintenance network (my backdoor into the host while I configured to be the new gateway.
Of interest, when I created my login (dvl), I was asked if I wanted to encrypt my home directory. Nice touch.
I have not tried the SFP+ NICs yet.
The unit goes from shutdown -r now to responding to pings in about 80 seconds. That includes 10 seconds waiting at the BIOS prompt and another 10 seconds at the FreeBSD splash screen.
Partitions
dvl@gw01:~ $ gpart show
=> 40 2000409184 nda0 GPT (954G)
40 1024 1 freebsd-boot (512K)
1064 984 - free - (492K)
2048 104857600 2 freebsd-swap (50G)
104859648 1895548928 3 freebsd-zfs (904G)
2000408576 648 - free - (324K)
=> 40 2000409184 nda1 GPT (954G)
40 1024 1 freebsd-boot (512K)
1064 984 - free - (492K)
2048 104857600 2 freebsd-swap (50G)
104859648 1895548928 3 freebsd-zfs (904G)
2000408576 648 - free - (324K)
zpools
The zpools:
dvl@gw01:~ $ zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CKPOINT EXPANDSZ FRAG CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT zroot 896G 922M 895G - - 0% 0% 1.00x ONLINE - dvl@gw01:~ $ zpool status pool: zroot state: ONLINE config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM zroot ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0 nda0p3 ONLINE 0 0 0 nda1p3 ONLINE 0 0 0 errors: No known data errors
Filesystems
The filesystems:
dvl@gw01:~ $ zfs list NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT zroot 922M 867G 96K /zroot zroot/ROOT 919M 867G 96K none zroot/ROOT/default 919M 867G 919M / zroot/home 248K 867G 96K /home zroot/home/dvl 152K 867G 152K /home/dvl zroot/tmp 112K 867G 112K /tmp zroot/usr 288K 867G 96K /usr zroot/usr/ports 96K 867G 96K /usr/ports zroot/usr/src 96K 867G 96K /usr/src zroot/var 632K 867G 96K /var zroot/var/audit 96K 867G 96K /var/audit zroot/var/crash 96K 867G 96K /var/crash zroot/var/log 152K 867G 152K /var/log zroot/var/mail 96K 867G 96K /var/mail zroot/var/tmp 96K 867G 96K /var/tmp
dmesg
And dmesg:
dvl@gw01:~ $ cat /var/run/dmesg.boot ---<<BOOT>>--- Copyright (c) 1992-2023 The FreeBSD Project. Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation. FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE releng/14.2-n269506-c8918d6c7412 GENERIC amd64 FreeBSD clang version 18.1.6 (https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git llvmorg-18.1.6-0-g1118c2e05e67) VT(vga): resolution 640x480 CPU: Intel(R) Atom(TM) CPU C3558 @ 2.20GHz (2200.21-MHz K8-class CPU) Origin="GenuineIntel" Id=0x506f1 Family=0x6 Model=0x5f Stepping=1 Features=0xbfebfbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,TM,PBE> Features2=0x4ff8ebbf<SSE3,PCLMULQDQ,DTES64,MON,DS_CPL,VMX,EST,TM2,SSSE3,SDBG,CX16,xTPR,PDCM,SSE4.1,SSE4.2,x2APIC,MOVBE,POPCNT,TSCDLT,AESNI,XSAVE,OSXSAVE,RDRAND> AMD Features=0x2c100800<SYSCALL,NX,Page1GB,RDTSCP,LM> AMD Features2=0x101<LAHF,Prefetch> Structured Extended Features=0x2294e283<FSGSBASE,TSCADJ,SMEP,ERMS,NFPUSG,MPX,PQE,RDSEED,SMAP,CLFLUSHOPT,PROCTRACE,SHA> Structured Extended Features3=0xac000000<IBPB,STIBP,ARCH_CAP,SSBD> XSAVE Features=0xf<XSAVEOPT,XSAVEC,XINUSE,XSAVES> IA32_ARCH_CAPS=0x9<RDCL_NO,SKIP_L1DFL_VME> VT-x: PAT,HLT,MTF,PAUSE,EPT,UG,VPID,VID,PostIntr TSC: P-state invariant, performance statistics real memory = 34358689792 (32767 MB) avail memory = 33299349504 (31756 MB) Event timer "LAPIC" quality 600 ACPI APIC Table: <INTEL TIANO > WARNING: L1 data cache covers fewer APIC IDs than a core (0 < 1) FreeBSD/SMP: Multiprocessor System Detected: 4 CPUs FreeBSD/SMP: 1 package(s) x 4 core(s) random: registering fast source Intel Secure Key RNG random: fast provider: "Intel Secure Key RNG" random: unblocking device. ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 Launching APs: 1 2 3 random: entropy device external interface kbd1 at kbdmux0 vtvga0: <VT VGA driver> smbios0: <System Management BIOS> at iomem 0xf05e0-0xf05fe smbios0: Version: 3.0, BCD Revision: 3.0 aesni0: <AES-CBC,AES-CCM,AES-GCM,AES-ICM,AES-XTS,SHA1,SHA256> acpi0: <ALASKA A M I > acpi0: Power Button (fixed) cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0 hpet0: <High Precision Event Timer> iomem 0xfed00000-0xfed003ff on acpi0 Timecounter "HPET" frequency 24000000 Hz quality 950 Event timer "HPET" frequency 24000000 Hz quality 550 Event timer "HPET1" frequency 24000000 Hz quality 440 Event timer "HPET2" frequency 24000000 Hz quality 440 Event timer "HPET3" frequency 24000000 Hz quality 440 Event timer "HPET4" frequency 24000000 Hz quality 440 atrtc0: <AT realtime clock> port 0x70-0x77 irq 8 on acpi0 atrtc0: Warning: Couldn't map I/O. atrtc0: registered as a time-of-day clock, resolution 1.000000s Event timer "RTC" frequency 32768 Hz quality 0 attimer0: <AT timer> port 0x40-0x43,0x50-0x53 irq 0 on acpi0 Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0 Event timer "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 100 Timecounter "ACPI-fast" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 900 acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1808-0x180b on acpi0 pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0 pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0 pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 6.0 on pci0 pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1 pci1: <processor> at device 0.0 (no driver attached) pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf5e0000-0xdf5fffff irq 16 at device 9.0 on pci0 pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2 nvme0: <Generic NVMe Device> mem 0xdf300000-0xdf303fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2 pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf5c0000-0xdf5dffff irq 17 at device 10.0 on pci0 pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3 nvme1: <Generic NVMe Device> mem 0xdf200000-0xdf203fff irq 17 at device 0.0 on pci3 pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf5a0000-0xdf5bffff irq 18 at device 11.0 on pci0 pci4: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4 igc0: <Intel(R) Ethernet Controller I226-V> mem 0xdee00000-0xdeefffff,0xdef00000-0xdef03fff irq 18 at device 0.0 on pci4 igc0: EEPROM V2.14-0 eTrack 0x8000028d igc0: Using 1024 TX descriptors and 1024 RX descriptors igc0: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues igc0: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors igc0: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:50 igc0: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/1024, RX 4/1024 pcib5: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf580000-0xdf59ffff irq 19 at device 12.0 on pci0 pci5: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib5 igc1: <Intel(R) Ethernet Controller I226-V> mem 0xdeb00000-0xdebfffff,0xdec00000-0xdec03fff irq 19 at device 0.0 on pci5 igc1: EEPROM V2.14-0 eTrack 0x8000028d igc1: Using 1024 TX descriptors and 1024 RX descriptors igc1: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues igc1: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors igc1: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:51 igc1: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/1024, RX 4/1024 pcib6: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf560000-0xdf57ffff irq 20 at device 14.0 on pci0 pci6: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib6 igc2: <Intel(R) Ethernet Controller I226-V> mem 0xde800000-0xde8fffff,0xde900000-0xde903fff irq 20 at device 0.0 on pci6 igc2: EEPROM V2.14-0 eTrack 0x8000028d igc2: Using 1024 TX descriptors and 1024 RX descriptors igc2: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues igc2: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors igc2: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:52 igc2: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/1024, RX 4/1024 pcib7: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf540000-0xdf55ffff irq 21 at device 15.0 on pci0 pci7: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib7 igc3: <Intel(R) Ethernet Controller I226-V> mem 0xde500000-0xde5fffff,0xde600000-0xde603fff irq 21 at device 0.0 on pci7 igc3: EEPROM V2.14-0 eTrack 0x8000028d igc3: Using 1024 TX descriptors and 1024 RX descriptors igc3: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues igc3: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors igc3: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:53 igc3: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/1024, RX 4/1024 pcib8: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf520000-0xdf53ffff irq 22 at device 16.0 on pci0 pci8: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib8 igc4: <Intel(R) Ethernet Controller I226-V> mem 0xde200000-0xde2fffff,0xde300000-0xde303fff irq 22 at device 0.0 on pci8 igc4: EEPROM V2.14-0 eTrack 0x8000028d igc4: Using 1024 TX descriptors and 1024 RX descriptors igc4: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues igc4: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors igc4: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:54 igc4: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/1024, RX 4/1024 pcib9: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> mem 0xdf500000-0xdf51ffff irq 23 at device 17.0 on pci0 pci9: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib9 pcib10: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 0.0 on pci9 pci10: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib10 vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0xd000-0xd07f mem 0xdd000000-0xddffffff,0xde000000-0xde01ffff irq 23 at device 0.0 on pci10 vgapci0: Boot video device ahci0: <Intel Denverton AHCI SATA controller> port 0xe060-0xe067,0xe050-0xe053,0xe020-0xe03f mem 0xdf614000-0xdf615fff,0xdf61a000-0xdf61a0ff,0xdf619000-0xdf6197ff irq 21 at device 20.0 on pci0 ahci0: AHCI v1.31 with 1 6Gbps ports, Port Multiplier supported ahcich3: <AHCI channel> at channel 3 on ahci0 ahciem0: <AHCI enclosure management bridge> on ahci0 xhci0: <Intel Denverton USB 3.0 controller> mem 0xdf600000-0xdf60ffff irq 19 at device 21.0 on pci0 xhci0: 32 bytes context size, 64-bit DMA usbus0 on xhci0 usbus0: 5.0Gbps Super Speed USB v3.0 pcib11: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 22.0 on pci0 pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib11 ix0: <Intel(R) X553 N (SFP+)> mem 0xdcc00000-0xdcdfffff,0xdce04000-0xdce07fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11 ix0: Using 2048 TX descriptors and 2048 RX descriptors ix0: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues ix0: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors ix0: allocated for 4 queues ix0: allocated for 4 rx queues ix0: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:55 ix0: nvm 2.10.0 eTrack 0x80000bd7 ix0: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/2048, RX 4/2048 ix1: <Intel(R) X553 N (SFP+)> mem 0xdca00000-0xdcbfffff,0xdce00000-0xdce03fff irq 17 at device 0.1 on pci11 ix1: Using 2048 TX descriptors and 2048 RX descriptors ix1: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues ix1: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors ix1: allocated for 4 queues ix1: allocated for 4 rx queues ix1: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:56 ix1: nvm 2.10.0 eTrack 0x80000bd7 ix1: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/2048, RX 4/2048 pcib12: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 23.0 on pci0 pci12: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib12 ix2: <Intel(R) X553 L (KR Backplane)> mem 0xdc600000-0xdc7fffff,0xdc804000-0xdc807fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci12 ix2: Using 2048 TX descriptors and 2048 RX descriptors ix2: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues ix2: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors ix2: allocated for 4 queues ix2: allocated for 4 rx queues ix2: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:57 ix2: nvm 2.10.0 eTrack 0x80000bf9 ix2: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/2048, RX 4/2048 ix3: <Intel(R) X553 L (KR Backplane)> mem 0xdc400000-0xdc5fffff,0xdc800000-0xdc803fff irq 17 at device 0.1 on pci12 ix3: Using 2048 TX descriptors and 2048 RX descriptors ix3: Using 4 RX queues 4 TX queues ix3: Using MSI-X interrupts with 5 vectors ix3: allocated for 4 queues ix3: allocated for 4 rx queues ix3: Ethernet address: 20:7c:14:f5:8e:58 ix3: nvm 2.10.0 eTrack 0x80000bf9 ix3: netmap queues/slots: TX 4/2048, RX 4/2048 pci0: <simple comms> at device 24.0 (no driver attached) ns8250: UART FCR is broken uart2: <Intel Denverton UART> port 0xe040-0xe047 mem 0xdf617000-0xdf6170ff irq 16 at device 26.0 on pci0 uart2: Using 1 MSI message isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0 isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0 pci0: <memory> at device 31.2 (no driver attached) pci0: <serial bus> at device 31.5 (no driver attached) apei0: <ACPI Platform Error Interface> on acpi0 acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0 orm0: <ISA Option ROM> at iomem 0xc0000-0xc7fff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0 est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0 Timecounter "TSC-low" frequency 1099999926 Hz quality 1000 Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec ugen0.1: <Intel XHCI root HUB> at usbus0 uhub0 on usbus0 uhub0: <Intel XHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 3.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus0 ZFS filesystem version: 5 ZFS storage pool version: features support (5000) nvme0: Allocated 16MB host memory buffer nvme1: Allocated 16MB host memory buffer nda0 at nvme0 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 1 nda0: <TEAM TM8FP6001T H240226a TPBF2411060100200629> nda0: Serial Number TPBF2411060100200629 nda0: nvme version 1.4 nda0: 976762MB (2000409264 512 byte sectors) nda1 at nvme1 bus 0 scbus3 target 0 lun 1 nda1: <TEAM TM8FP6001T H240226a TPBF2411060100200637> nda1: Serial Number TPBF2411060100200637 nda1: nvme version 1.4 nda1: 976762MB (2000409264 512 byte sectors) ses0 at ahciem0 bus 0 scbus1 target 0 lun 0 ses0: <AHCI SGPIO Enclosure 2.00 0001> SEMB S-E-S 2.00 device ses0: SEMB SES Device GEOM_MIRROR: Device mirror/swap launched (2/2). Trying to mount root from zfs:zroot/ROOT/default []... uhub0: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered ugen0.2: <DELL Dell USB Entry Keyboard> at usbus0 ukbd0 on uhub0 ukbd0: <DELL Dell USB Entry Keyboard, class 0/0, rev 2.00/1.04, addr 1> on usbus0 kbd2 at ukbd0 Root mount waiting for: usbus0 ugen0.3: <vendor 0x05e3 USB2.0 Hub> at usbus0 uhub1 on uhub0 uhub1: <vendor 0x05e3 USB2.0 Hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/60.90, addr 2> on usbus0 uhub1: 4 ports with 4 removable, self powered GEOM_ELI: Device mirror/swap.eli created. GEOM_ELI: Encryption: AES-XTS 128 GEOM_ELI: Crypto: accelerated software ichsmb0: <Intel Denverton SMBus controller> port 0xe000-0xe01f mem 0xdf616000-0xdf6160ff irq 23 at device 31.4 on pci0 smbus0: <System Management Bus> on ichsmb0 igc0: link state changed to UP igc3: link state changed to UP lo0: link state changed to UP igc0: link state changed to DOWN igc0: link state changed to UP
sesutil show
root@gw01:/home/dvl # sesutil show ses0: <AHCI SGPIO Enclosure 2.00>; ID: 3061686369656d30 Desc Dev Model Ident Size/Status Slot 00 - - - Unknown Slot 01 - - - Unknown Slot 02 - - - Unknown Slot 03 - - - Not Installed
