I recently installed 6 SSDs into an R710. In this post, I will describe what I did to the empty SSDs before I started using them.
short test
I ran a short test on each one of the drives. I already had smartctl.
$ sudo smartctl -t short /dev/da0 smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE-p1 amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION === Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode". Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful. Testing has begun. Please wait 2 minutes for test to complete. Test will complete after Wed Nov 22 22:17:39 2017 Use smartctl -X to abort test.
After the two minutes was up:
$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/da0
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE-p1 amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Samsung based SSDs
Device Model: Samsung SSD 850 EVO 500GB
Serial Number: S3PTNF0JA70588A
LU WWN Device Id: 5 002538 d42628fc2
Firmware Version: EMT03B6Q
User Capacity: 500,107,862,016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ACS-2, ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4c
SATA Version is: SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Wed Nov 22 22:23:17 2017 UTC
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x53) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 265) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 3
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 5
177 Wear_Leveling_Count 0x0013 100 100 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
179 Used_Rsvd_Blk_Cnt_Tot 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
181 Program_Fail_Cnt_Total 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
182 Erase_Fail_Count_Total 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
187 Uncorrectable_Error_Cnt 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0032 075 067 000 Old_age Always - 25
195 ECC_Error_Rate 0x001a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
199 CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
235 POR_Recovery_Count 0x0012 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 2
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 67
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 3 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
255 0 65535 Read_scanning was never started
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
$
All looks good.
long test
The long test takes a big longer:
$ sudo smartctl -t long /dev/da1 smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE-p1 amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION === Sending command: "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode". Drive command "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful. Testing has begun. Please wait 265 minutes for test to complete. Test will complete after Thu Nov 23 02:49:32 2017 Use smartctl -X to abort test.
Oh…. I’ll be back tomorrow with the results. In the meantime, I am going create a zpool.
Creating partitions
On FreeBSD we create partitions and give that to ZFS to play with. That is, you create zpool devices from FreeBSD partitions (in general). These are the partitions I will create on each of the 500G drives:
This creates a GUID Partition Table (see man gpart):
$ sudo gpart create -s gpt da0 da0 created
This shows us the results:
$ gpart show da0
=> 40 976773088 da0 GPT (466G)
40 976773088 - free - (466G)
Good. Now let’s add a new partition using the remaining space:
$ gpart add -t freebsd-zfs -a 4K -s 466G -l S3PTNF0JA70588A da0 gpart: autofill: No space left on device
Oh, let’s try one less GB:
$ gpart add -t freebsd-zfs -a 4K -s 465G -l S3PTNF0JA70588A da0 gpart: Permission denied
Oh, that’s interesting. It checks space without privs. Nice.
One more time:
$ sudo gpart add -t freebsd-zfs -a 4K -s 465G -l S3PTNF0JA70588A da0
da0p1 added
$ gpart show da0
=> 40 976773088 da0 GPT (466G)
40 975175680 1 freebsd-zfs (465G)
975175720 1597408 - free - (780M)
The label I specified with -l is the drive’s serial number, as obtained via smartctl.
I repeated this for the other three drives.
Creating raidz1
In this section, I create a raidz1 zpool containing four devices:
$ sudo zpool create tank_fast raidz1 da0p1 da1p1 da2p1 da3p1
$ zpool status tank_fast
pool: tank_fast
state: ONLINE
scan: none requested
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
tank_fast ONLINE 0 0 0
raidz1-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
da0p1 ONLINE 0 0 0
da1p1 ONLINE 0 0 0
da2p1 ONLINE 0 0 0
da3p1 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
Creating raid10
In this section, I will create a zpool which consists of two mirrors. In effect, we will be striping across both mirrors.
NOTE: I was doing this with the same drives as used in the previous section. Thus, I had done a zpool destroy (not shown).
$ sudo zpool create tank_fast mirror da0p1 da1p1 mirror da2p1 da3p1
$ zpool status tank_fast
pool: tank_fast
state: ONLINE
scan: none requested
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
tank_fast ONLINE 0 0 0
mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
da0p1 ONLINE 0 0 0
da1p1 ONLINE 0 0 0
mirror-1 ONLINE 0 0 0
da2p1 ONLINE 0 0 0
da3p1 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
In a subsequent post, I plan to show how using poudriere differs on each type of zpool. Perhaps one is much faster than the other. Perhaps there is not much difference at all.
The test results
It is now the next day and the test results are in. All tests Completed without error.
The next steps
The next steps involve configuring poudriere to build my packages. I’ll do a few test runs to see how things go. As pointed out by debdrup, I want to consider USE_TMPFS=all as referenced in the poudriere wiki.
